Renal effects in dogs and cats

Renal efferent glomerular arteriolar constriction, mediated by sympathetic stimulation and angiotensin II, helps maintain glomerular filtration in the face of reduced cardiac output and renal blood flow. Higher oncotic and lower hydrostatic pressures develop in the peritubular capillaries, enhancing the reabsorption of tubular fluid and sodium. Angiotensin II - mediated aldosterone release further promotes sodium and water retention. Continued activation of these mechanisms leads to clinical edema and effusions.

Afferent arteriolar vasodilatation mediated by endogenous prostaglandins and natriuretic peptides can partially offset the effects of efferent vasoconstriction, but progressive impairment of renal blood flow leads to renal insufficiency. Diuretics not iaconly can magnify azotemia and electrolyte loss, they also can further reduce cardiac output and activate the neurohormonal mechanisms.

We would love to hear your pet's story. Please add a comment.

MORE VETERINARY ARTICLES

  • Small Dog Breeds
    Small Dogs You shouldn't base your decision of which small dog breed to pick based solely on "looks," or you could end up with...
  • Infertility in dogs | Canine Infertility
    Infertility in dogs | Canine Infertility Normal seminal quality, normal desire to breed ( libido ), and normal ability to mate are all ne...
  • Distinguishing regurgitation from vomiting
    Regurgitation is the expulsion of material (i.e., food, water, saliva) from the mouth, pharynx, or esophagus. It must be differentiated from...
  • Canine Cardiac Tumors | Cardiac Tumors in Dogs
    Canine Cardiac Tumors | Cardiac Tumors in Dogs Although the overall prevalence of cardiac tumors is low, the increased use of echocardiograp...
  • Weakness and Syncope in dogs and cats
    Signs and symptoms of syncope in dogs and cats . Cardiac output often becomes inadequate in animals with heart disease or heart failure , es...
  • Rimadyl
    Brand Name Rimadyl (Pfizer Animal Health) Generic Name Carprofen What is the most important information I should know about Rimadyl: ...
  • Jugular veins in dogs and cats
    System venous and right heart filling pressures are reflected at the jugular veins in dogs and cats . These veins should not be distended wh...
  • Heartworm life cycle in dogs
    The life cycle of the heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) is as follows: A mosquito ingests microfilariae (first-stage larvae L1) from an infe...
  • Artificial insemination in dogs
    Artificial insemination (AI) in dogs is used primarily when natural breeding cannot be accomplished. Transporting semen, rather than live ...
  • Dog distemper symptoms | Canine distemper
    Dog distemper symptoms - Canine distemper Widespread vaccination has substantially decreased the incidence of dog distemper virus infect...