Hypothyroidism is one of the most common canine endocrine disease and can be challenging to diagnose but is easily treated.
Causes
- Usually the result of lymphocytic thyroiditis or thyroid atrophy in dogs.
- Congenital thyroid hypoplasia (uncommon).
- Secondary hypothyroidism due to impaired pituitary secretion of thyrotropin.
Hypothyroidism in dogs - Canine Thyroid Disease
Pathophysiology of hypothyroidism in dogs (most cases)
- Thyroid gland failure, with reduced secretion of thyroid hormones.
- Decreased active hormone available to enter cells.
- Gradual onset of cliical signs precipitated by insufficient thyroid hormone influence on metabolism, skin, reproductive system and neuromuscular system.
- Incresed pituitary secretion of thyrotropin in attempt to compensate.
Diagnosis
Canine hypothyroidism affects mostly middle-aged dogs and here's a list of predisposed breeds:
- Golden Retriever
- Doberman Pinscher
- Labrador Retriever
- Irish Setter
- Miniature Schnauzer
- Dachshund
- Cocker Spaniel
- Airedale Terrier
Physical Findings
- Alopecia, hyperpigmentation, dull coat without pruritis unless secondary pyoderma is present
- Bradicardia
- Neurologic abnormalities
- Weakness
Treatment Objectives
- Improve skin and coat quality
- Increase activity, decreas weight
The prognosis is good with treatment.
