Major causes of dysphagia in dogs and cats


Oral Pain
1. Fractured bones or teeth.
2. Trauma.
3. Periodontitis or caries (especially cats).
4. Osteomyelitis.
5. Other causes (Retrobulbar abscess/inflammation, various othe abscesses or granulomas of the oral cavity, temporal-masseter myositis).
6. Stomatitis, glossitis, pharyngitis, gingivitis, tonsillitis, sialoadenitis.
7. Immune-mediated disease.
8. Feline viral rhinotracheitis, calicivirus, leukemia virus or immunodeficiency virus.
9. Lingual foreign objects, other foreign objects, granulomas.
10. Tooth root abscess.
11. Uremia.
12. Thallium.
13. Caustics.

Oral Mass
1. Tumor (malignant or benign).
2. Eosinophilic granuloma.
3. Sialocele.

Oral Trauma
1. Fractured bones.
2. Soft tissue laceration.
3. Hematoma.

Neuromuscular Disease
1. Oral, pharyngeal, or cricopharyngeal dysfunction.
2. Various cranial nerve dysfunctions.
3. Rabies.
4. Tetanus.
5. Localized myasthenia.
6. Temporal-masseter myositis
7. Temporomandibular joint disease.

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